IMMUNOLOGY MNEMONICS IN PATHOLOGY

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IMMUNOLOGY MNEMONICS IN PATHOLOGY

Acute inflammation features SLIPR
S - Swelling
L - Loss of function
I - Increased heat
P - Pain
R - Redness
"What a cute pair of slippers" can be used to tie acute inflammation to SLIPR.

Celiac sprue features : "CELIAC"
C - Cell-mediated autoimmune disease
E - European descent
L - Lymphocytes in Lamina propria/Lymphoma risk
I - Intolerance of gluten (wheat)
A - Atrophy of villi in small intestine/Abnormal D-xylose test
C - Childhood presentation

Atrophied villi cause less absorption, thus there is Diarrhea, Weight loss, Less Energy.

Chrug-Strauss Syndrome: Symptoms and Signs : "PAVE"
P - P-ANCA
A - Asthma
V - Vasculitis
E - Eosinophilia

Classification of hypersensitivity reactions: "ACID"
Type I Anaphylaxis
Type II Cytotoxic - mediated
Type III Immune - complex
Type IV Delayed hypersensitivity

Complement cascade initiating items: Alternative vs. Classic : Classic: Combined Complexes.

Alternative: Activators Alone, or IgA.
Complexes are made of Ab and Ag combined together.
Examples of activators: endotoxin, microbial surface.

Complement: function of C3a versus C3b :

C3a: Activates Acute [inflammation].

C3b: Bonds Bacteria [to macrophages--easier digestion].

If wish to know more than just C3:
C3a, C4a, C5a activate acute.
C3b, C4b bind bacteria.

Dendritic cell function : "DENDRITIC CELLS"
D - Disguised in host tissue (but still have same function!)
E - ECF ingestion
N - Nothing left to chance (ensures an immune response)
D - Derived from bone marrow
R - Regulates the immune response
I - Induces an immune response (makes it unique among antigen presenting cells)
T - Transfers information from the ECF into the cell
Immune tolerance (increases it)
C - Co-ordinates the adaptive and innate immune systems
C - Captures and processes antigen
E - Expresses lymphocyte costimulatory molecules
L - Long processes extend from cell (stellate shaped)
L - Lives in lymphoid tissue
S - Secretes cytokine to initiate immune response

DiGeorge Syndrome Features : "Ts"
Third and 4th pharyngeal pouch absent.
Twenty-Two chromosome
T-cells absent
Tetany: hypocalcemia

Good pasture's Syndrome components Good Pasture is Glomerulonephritis and Pnuemonitis
From autoantibodies attacking Glomerular and Pulmonary basement membranes.

Graves disease etiology : In Graves disease, the thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins are of the IgG class.

HLA-B27 associated diseases : "PAIR"
P - Psoriasis
A - Ankylosing spondylitis
I - Inflammatory bowel disease
R - Reiters syndrome

HLA-DR genetic predisposition immune disease examples : "HLA-DR"
H - Hashimoto's disease
L - Leukemia/Lupus
A - Autoimmune adrenalitis/Anemia (pernicious)
D - Diabetes insipidous
R - Rheumatoid arthritis

Histamine features : "HISTAMINE"
H - HCL production
I - Inflammation
S - Strong vasodilator
T - Therapeutic value none
A - Allergy
M - Mast cells
N - Neurotransmitter/Narrow airways
I - IgE

Hypersensitivity: type IV example Poison IVy causes type IV hypersensitivity.

Immunoglobulin response to antigens: Order of IgM vs. IgG "IMmunoGlobulin" IgM is released first, followed by IgG.

Immunoglobulins types : "GAME D"
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD

Immunoglobulins Which Crosses the Placenta : IgG Crosses the placenta during Gestation.

Interferon gamma: action on macrophages : "Think BIG Mac Attack"
T1 and NK cells Build Interferon Gamma. Causes Macrophages to have an augmented Attack [by better lysosome function and increasing reactive oxygen metabolites, nitric oxide and defensins].

Lupus signs and symptoms : "SOAP BRAIN"
S - Serositis [pleuritis, pericarditis]
O - Oral ulcers
A - Arthritis
P - Photosensitivity
B - Blood [all are low - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia]
R - Renal [protein]
A - ANA
I - Immunologic [DS DNA, etc.]
N - Neurologic [psych, seizures]

MHC I vs. MHC II: T cell interaction : The "=8" equation:
2x4=8, and 1x8=8.
MHC II goes with CD4.
MHC I goes with CD8.

MHC: loci creating Class I vs. Class II : Class 1 has 1 letter:
HLA I is HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C. Class 2 has 2 letters:
HLA II is HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR.

Passive vs. Active immunity : "Pay for Passive, Active Ages"
Passive: Pay for a shot of antibodies for fast results following exposure to Rabies, etc.
Active: Slow onset ("aging") and memory.

Sjogren syndrome: morphology : "Jog through the MAPLES"
Sjogren is:
M - Mouth dry
A - Arthritis
P - Parotid enlarged
L - Lymphoma
E - Eyes dry
S - Sicca (primary) or Secondary

T and B cells: Types
When bacteria enter body, T-cell says to B: "Help Me Catch Some!" B-cell replies: "My Pleasure!"
T-cell types:
Helper
Memory
Cytotoxic
Suppressor
B-cell types:
Memory cell
Plasma cell

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