CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DRUGS MNEMONICS

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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DRUGS MNEMONICS

Captopril (an ACE inhibitor) side effects :
"CAPTOPRIL"
C - Cough
A - Angioedema/Agranulocystosis
P - Proteinuria/Potassium excess
T - Taste changes
O - Orthostatic hypotension
P - Pregnancy contraindication/Pancreatitis/Pressure drop
(first dose hypertension) R - Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/Rash
I - Indomethacin inhibition
L - Leukopenia/Liver toxicity

ACE inhibitor Contraindications :
"PARK"
P - Pregnancy - teratogenic
A - Allergy
R - Renal artery stenosis (caution in renal failure especially if creatinine >200umol/L)
K - Kalaemia - hyperkalaemia, also hyponatraemia or hypotension/hypovolaemia

Amiodarone, Action, Side Effects :
"6 Ps"
• Prolongs action potential duration
• Photosensitivity
• Pigmentation of skin
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
• Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism

Antiarrhythmic medication – Vaughan William's Classification :
"Sodium Blockers Permits Calcium"

Sodium (class I) e.g.:
Ia – quinidine
Ib – lignocaine/lidocaine
Ic – flecanide

Beta-blockers (class II) e.g. propranolol

Potassium (class III) e.g. amiodarone

Calcium (class IV) e.g. verapamil, diltiazem

Antiarrhythmics class III members :
"SIAB"
S - Sotalol
I - Ibutilide
A - Amiodarone
B - Bretylium

Antiarrhythmics classification I to IV :
"My Best Action Comedy"
- In order of class I to IV: • Membrane stabilizers (class I)
• Beta blockers
• Action potential widening agents
• Calcium channel blockers

Antihypertensives Used in Emergencies:
"SG HELP"(State Government HELP)
S - Sodium nitroprusside
S - GTN
H - Hydralazine
E - Esmolol
L - Labetalol
P - Phentolamine

Betablockers; Cardioselective Betablockers:
"Betablockers Acting Exclusively At Myocardium"
Betaxolol
Acebutelol
Esmolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol

CLASS - 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs Action:
"VERAPAMIL"
V - control VENTRICULAR rate in AF or AFI
E - ERP increased (A-V nodal)
R - RR interval increased; Reccurent arrhythmia
A - Antiarrhythmic
P - PSVT; PR interval increased
A - Automacity decreased
M - Muscle relaxant
I - negative Ionotropic action
L - action on L-type Ca channel

Ca++ channel blockers uses :
"CHASM"
C - Cererbral vasospasm/CHF
H - Hypertension
A - Angina
S - Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
M - Migranes

Class Ia Anti arrithymic Drugs:
"Quickly Prepared Dish"
• Quinidine
• Procanamide
• Disopyramide

Cocaine Cardiovascular Effect :
COcaine causes blood vessels to
COnstrict (unlike other local anesthetics which cause vasodilation).

Diuretics classification in order of site of action :
"Come Off Low Tradition People"
In their sequential site of action along the nephron:

• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (at the proximal tubule)
• Osmotic diuretics (at the Loop of Henle)
• Loop diuretics (at the ascending loop)
• Thiazides (at the distal tubule)
• Potassium-sparing diuretics (at the collecting tubules)

Diuretics Groups:
"Leak Over The CAN"
• Loop diuretics
• Osmotics
• Thiazides
C - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A - Aldosterone inhibitors
N - Na (sodium) channel blockers

Note: "leak" is slang for urination and "can" is slang for a toilet.

Diuretics thiazides indications :
"CHIC"
C - CHF
H - Hypertension
I - Insipidous
C - Calcium calculi

Gynaecomastia - Causing Drugs :
"DISCOS"
D - Digoxin
I - Isoniazid
S - Spironolactone
C - Cimetidine
O - Oestrogens
S - Stilboestrol

Hypertension Treatment :
"ABCD"
A - ACE inhibitors/AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)
B - Beta blockers
C - Calcium antagonists
D - Diuretics (sometimes vasoDilators also)

K+ Increasing Agents :
"K. BANK"
K - K-sparing diuretic
B - Beta blocker
A - ACEI
N - NSAID
K - K+ Supplement

LIDOCAINE (antiarrhythmic drug- subclass 1B):
"LIDOCAINE"
L - Local anasthetic
I - ICU popular antiarrythmic
D - Digitalis toxicity used
O - Orally inactive
C - Cimetidine + propanolol
A - Decrease Automacity
I - Inactivated Na Channel blocker
N - Nystagmus
E - Eye blurred vision, ECG change

Methyldopa side effects :
"METHYLDOPA"
M - Mental retardation
E - Electrolyte imbalance
T - Tolerance
H - Headache/Hepatotoxicity
Y - psYcological upset
L - Lactation in female
D - Dry mouth
O - Oedema
P - Parkinsonism
A - Anaemia (haemolytic)

Osmotic Diuretics Members :
"MUG"
M - Mannitol
U - Urea
G - Glycerol

Reserpine Action :
Reserpine depletes
Reserves of Catecholamines (And serotonin) .

Supraventricular Tachycardia Treatment :
"ABCDE"
A - Adenosine
B - Beta-blocker
C - Calcium channel antagonist
D - Digoxin
E - Excitation (vagal stimulation)

Torsades de Pointes Drugs Causing :
"CHEAP Attitudes"
C - Cisapride
H - Haloperidol
E - Erythromycin
A - Amiodarone
P - Procainamide
A - Arsenium

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