CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS MNEMONICS

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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS MNEMONICS

Anti epiliptic side effect:
"ABCDEFGH"
• Ataxia
• Blood dyscrasia
• Cleft lip
• Dupuytrens/Vit D deficiency
• Exfoliation of skin & Stevens Johnson's
• Fits
• GI upset/gum hypertrophy
• Hepatitis/hairy

Barbiturate Side Effects:
"ABCD"
A - Ataxia
B - Behavioral disturbance
C - Concentration decreased/coma
D - Depression/drowsy/diplopia

Benzodiazapines, ones not metabolized by the liver (safe to use in liver failure)
"LOT"
L - Lorazepam
O - Oxazepam
T - Temazepam

Benzodiazapines ; Drugs which decrease Benzodiazapines metabolism :
"Come On Israel"
• Cimetidine
• Oral contraceptive pills
• Isoniazid

These drugs increase calming effect of Benzodiazapines by retarding metabolism.

Benzodiazepines ;3 members that undergo extrahepatic metabolism:
"Outside The Liver"
• Oxazepam
• Temazepam
• Lorazepam

These undergo extrahepatic metabolism and do not form active metabolites.

Carbamazepine (CBZ) Use:
"CBZ"
C - Cranial Nerve V (trigeminal) neuralgia
B - Bipolar disorder
Z - Zeisures(seizures)

Depression ; 5 drugs causing Depression :
"PROMS"
P - Propranolol
R - Reserpine
O - Oral contraceptives
M - Methyldopa
S - Steroids

Disulfiram-like reaction inducing drugs :
"PM PMT"
P - Procarbazine
M - Metronidazole
PMT - Cefo (Perazone, Mandole, Tetan).

Epilepsy ; Types and Drugs of Choice :
"Military General Attacked Westren Fighters Pronouncing -Venish After Crushing Enemies"
Epilepsy types:

• Myoclonic
• Grand mal
• Atonic
• West syndrome
• Focal
• Petit mal (absence)

Respective drugs:

• Valproate
• ACTH
• Carbamazepine
• Ethosuximide

Inhalation Anesthetics :
"SHINE"
S - Sevoflurane
H - Halothane
I - Isoflurane
N - Nitrous oxide
E - Enflurane

Lithium side effects :
"LITHIUM"
LI - Leukocytes Increased (leukocytosis)
T - Tremors
H - Hypothyroidism
I - Increased Urine
M - Moms beware (teratogenic)

MAOI Side Effects:
"3Hs"
• Hepatocellular jaundice
• Hyperthermia
• Hypertension

MAOIs Indications :
"MAOI-S"
M - Melancholic (classic name for atypical depression)
A - Anxiety
O - Obesity disorders (anorexia, bulemia)
I - Imagined illnesses (hypochondria)
S - Social phobias

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors members:
"PIT"
P - Phenelzine
I - Isocarboxazid
T - Tranylcypromine

Morphine effects at mu receptor :
"PEAR"
P - Physical dependence
E - Euphoria
A - Analgesia
R - Respiratory depression

Morphine Side effects:
"MORPHINE"
M - Myosis
O - Out of it (sedation)
R - Respiratory depression
P - Pneumonia (aspiration)
H - Hypotension
I - Infrequency (constipation, urinary retention)
N - Nausea
E - Emesis

Narcotic Antagonists (NA)
The Narcotic Antagonists are
NAloxone and NAltrexone.
Important clinically to treat narcotic overdose.

Narcotics side effects :
"SCRAM"
S - Synergistic CNS depression with other drugs
C - Constipation
R - Respiratory depression
A - Addiction
M - Miosis

Opiates ; Overdose Findings :
Remember by rhyme
"Cool to the touch, unresponsive to pain"
Hunger diminished, and scars over vein.

Pupils pinpointed, and blood pressure low.

Urine diminished, and breathing is slow.

Opiods, mu receptor effects :
"MD CARES"
M - Miosis
D - Dependency
C - Constipation
A - Analgesics
R - Respiratory depression
E - Euphoria
S - Sedation

Opioids effects :
"BAD AMERICANS"
B - Bradycardia & hypotension
A - Anorexia
D - Diminished pupilary size
A - Analgesics
M - Miosis
E - Euphoria
R - Respiratory depression
I - Increased smooth muscle activity (biliary tract constriction)
C - Constipation
A - Ameliorate cough reflex
N - Nausea and vomiting
S - Sedations

Parkinsonism Drugs
"SALAD"
S : Selegiline
A : Anticholinenergics (trihexyphenidyl, benzhexol, ophenadrine)
L : L-Dopa + peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa, benserazide)
A - Amantadine
D - Dopamine postsynaptic receptor agonists (bromocriptine, lisuride, pergolide)

Phenytoin adverse effects :
"PHENYTOIN"
P - P-450 interactions
H - Hirsutism
E - Enlarged gums
N - Nystagmus
Y - Yellow-browning of skin
T - Teratogenicity
O - Osteomalacia
I - Interference with B12 metabolism (hence anemia)
N - Neuropathies: vertigo, ataxia, headache

Pre-anesthetic medications :
"O ! HASAN "
O - Opioids
H - H2 blockers
A - Anti-cholinegics
S - Sedatives
A - Anti-emetics
N - Neuroleptics

Respiratory depression inducing drugs :
"STOP breathing"
S - Sedatives and hypnotics
T - Trimethoprim
O - Opiates
P - Polymyxins

SSRIs side effects :
"SSRI"
S - Serotonin syndrome
S - Stimulate CNS
R - Reproductive disfunctions in male
I - Insomnia

Serotonin Syndrome components Causes:
"HARM"
H - Hyperthermia
A - Autonomic instability (delirium)
R - Rigidity
M - Myoclonus

Sodium valproate side effects :
"VALPROATE"
V - Vomiting
A - Alopecia
L - Liver toxicity
P - Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia
R - Retention of fats (weight gain)
O - Oedema (peripheral oedema)
A - Appetite increase
T - Tremor
E - Enzyme inducer (liver)

Tricyclic antidepressants members worth knowing
"ICA"
C - Clomipramine
I - Imipramine
A - Amitrptyline

If want the next 3 worth knowing, then

"DND"
D - Desipramine
N - Norrtriptyline
D - Doxepin

Tricyclic antidipressents (TCA) side effects :
"TCA-S"
T - Thrombocytopenia
C - Cardiac (arrhymia, MI, stroke)
A - Anticholinergic (tachycardia, urinary retention, etc)
S - Seizures

Vigabatrin Mechanism
Vi-GABA-Tr-In: Via GABA Transferase Inhibition

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